Exploring Open Social Innovation as a distinct field of research

This paper suggests a theoretical framework for Open Social Innovation (OSI) as a distinct field of research, considering the growing importance and spread of an open approach to social innovation for addressing the major challenges society faces today. We conduct a systematic literature review of 62 papers to examine the main characteristics of the existing relevant research on the topic and set the boundaries of this line of investigation. Moreover, through a careful coding process, we illustrate three key attributes that define OSI initiatives and make them unique and different. These three conditions are: the goal of creating a diverse impact through co-creation, formal and informal governance mechanisms for coordination and alignment among the various involved stakeholders, and the increased proximity aspect. Finally, we point out possible future research directions to enrich the discussion on such an important topic. Therefore, our paper adds to theory and practice by providing useful insights into the features and functioning of OSI initiatives, which are seen as increasingly valuable for achieving societal well-being.