Contemporary challenges to the security of public finances. The Polish and the Italian experience

The contribution compares the Polish and the Italian constitutional systems from the perspective of the protection of the security of public finances or budgetary security, a concept that encompasses domestic and external threats to the transparency, predictability and reliability of the State budget and its adoption procedures. It does so putting the challenges to the security of public finances in the two countries in the broader context of the EU and national responses to various crises – from the sovereign debt crisis to the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine.