Building the State. The Science of Administrative Law in Italy (1800-1945) The book reconstructs the history of administrative law’s evolution as a science in Italy during the period 1800-1945. The volume seeks, primarily, to outline the process of administrative law scholarship’s development, especially during the period when national unity was first being built. Indeed, the science of administrative law played a fundamental part in the construction of the nation-State in Italy and particularly so at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, with the spread of the so-called legal method. However, the volume also seeks to highlight the mistakes made when constructing this area of legal science: those false steps that led to the discipline closing itself off in a manner that became even more marked during the twenty years of fascism. This partly for the purposes of contributing to current developments, since the debate on public-law study methods has now been fully re-opened. The first chapter takes as its subject the scholars who were active during the period 1800-1879, at administrative science’s dawn. These include, in particular, Romagnosi and Manna, during the first half of the nineteenth century, and de Gioannis Gianquinto and Meucci, during the last three decades of the period in question. The book shows how such (eclectic and isolated) scholars, whilst making a significant contribution to studies in this area, were nevertheless unable to see to it that administrative law acquired the identity of an academic subject in its own right. The volume’s central (and most important) chapters are dedicated to the period that witnessed the founding of the so-called Italian school of public law through the offices of Vittorio Emanuele Orlando and the generation of scholars who followed in his footsteps: Oreste Ranelletti, Federico Cammeo, Santi Romano and Donato Donati. It was they who gave administrative law the well-defined identity of an academic discipline. Orlando’s school was, amongst other things, decisive for the construction of a unified State. Not by chance, two of its exponents (Salandra and Orlando himself) were Presidents of the Council of Ministers during the final phase of the Giolittian era. It was Orlando who introduced the so-called legal method, cutting ties with the other social sciences and drawing inspiration from the Roman-law and private-law tradition. As emerges from the volume, this permitted the science to grow rapidly towards the end of the nineteenth century but it was nevertheless unable to handle the explosion of intermediate bodies and the crisis of the State occurring at the beginning of the twentieth century. Bucking the trend set by the other members of the Italian school of public law, Santi Romano picked up the signals of the State in crisis and transformed them into the stuff of legal theory in his work L’ordinamento giuridico (The Legal Order). Here he set out his well-known theories on institutionalism and the plurality of legal orders. The science of administrative law continued to shut itself off as a discipline, however, and increasingly so during the twenty years of fascism. As the volume’s final part demonstrates, it was only on the eve of the Second World War that signs of a transformation began to appear. This was thanks to innovative contributions showing a renewed, resolute openness to the social sciences. Such contributions were developed by a younger generation of scholars who were to bring about a renaissance in public-law studies during the second half of the twentieth century, in an era of pluralism and constitutional democracy.
Il libro ricostruisce l’evoluzione storica della scienza del diritto amministrativo in Italia, dal 1800 al 1945. Lo scopo del volume è di delineare il processo di sviluppo della cultura del diritto amministrativo, in particolare nel periodo iniziale di edificazione dell’unità nazionale. Essa, infatti, ha svolto un ruolo fondamentale per la costruzione dello Stato-nazione, in particolare tra la fine dell’Ottocento e l’inizio del Novecento, con la diffusione del cd. metodo giuridico. Ma il fine del volume è, altresì, quello di segnalare ed evidenziare gli errori che furono commessi nella edificazione di tale settore della scienza giuridica; errori che condussero alla chiusura disciplinare, ulteriormente accentuatasi nel ventennio fascista. Ciò anche al fine di fornire un contributo al dibattito odierno, essendosi ormai pienamente riaperto il dibattito sul metodo di studio del diritto pubblico. Il primo capitolo ha ad oggetto gli studiosi dei primordi della scienza amministrativa e, cioè, dei primi ottanta anni, dal 1800 al 1879: in particolare, Romagnosi e Manna nella prima metà dell’Ottocento, de Gioannis Gianquinto e Meucci negli ultimi tre decenni del periodo in questione. Il libro mostra come tali studiosi (eclettici e isolati), che pure fornirono un contributo rilevante agli studi di settore, non furono tuttavia in grado di far acquisire al diritto amministrativo una propria identità disciplinare. I capitoli centrali e più rilevanti del volume sono dedicati al periodo della fondazione della cd. scuola italiana di diritto pubblico, ad opera di Vittorio Emanuele Orlando e della generazione di studiosi che ne seguì le orme: Oreste Ranelletti, Federico Cammeo, Santi Romano, Donato Donati. Furono loro a dare una identità disciplinare ben definita al diritto amministrativo. La scuola di Orlando, tra l’altro, fu decisiva per la costruzione dello Stato unitario: non a caso, nella parte terminale dell’età giolittiana, due suoi esponenti, Salandra e lo stesso Orlando, furono Presidenti del Consiglio dei Ministri. Orlando introdusse il cd. metodo giuridico, tagliando i collegamenti con le altre scienze sociali e ispirandosi alla tradizione del diritto romano e del diritto privato. Come emerge dal volume, ciò permise una repentina crescita della scienza verso la fine dell’Ottocento, ma la stessa fu incapace di cogliere l’erompere dei corpi intermedi e la crisi dello Stato nei primi del Novecento. In controtendenza rispetto agli altri componenti della scuola italiana di diritto pubblico, Santi Romano colse i segni della crisi dello Stato e li tradusse in contenuti teorici ne L’ordinamento giuridico, nel quale egli espose le note tesi dell’istituzionalismo e della pluralità degli ordinamenti giuridici. La scienza del diritto amministrativo, però, proseguì nel suo percorso di chiusura disciplinare, che si accentuò ulteriormente nel corso del ventennio fascista. Soltanto alla vigilia della seconda guerra mondiale, come si mostra nella parte conclusiva del volume, si iniziarono a intravvedere segnali di trasformazione, grazie a contributi innovativi, di riapertura alle scienze sociali, elaborati da una generazione di giovani studiosi che avrebbe condotto alla rinascita degli studi di diritto pubblico nella seconda metà del Novecento, in epoca di pluralismo e di democrazia costituzionale.
Costruire lo Stato: la scienza del diritto amministrativo in Italia (1800-1945) / Sandulli, Aldo. - (2009), pp. 1-323.
Costruire lo Stato: la scienza del diritto amministrativo in Italia (1800-1945)
SANDULLI A
2009
Abstract
Building the State. The Science of Administrative Law in Italy (1800-1945) The book reconstructs the history of administrative law’s evolution as a science in Italy during the period 1800-1945. The volume seeks, primarily, to outline the process of administrative law scholarship’s development, especially during the period when national unity was first being built. Indeed, the science of administrative law played a fundamental part in the construction of the nation-State in Italy and particularly so at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, with the spread of the so-called legal method. However, the volume also seeks to highlight the mistakes made when constructing this area of legal science: those false steps that led to the discipline closing itself off in a manner that became even more marked during the twenty years of fascism. This partly for the purposes of contributing to current developments, since the debate on public-law study methods has now been fully re-opened. The first chapter takes as its subject the scholars who were active during the period 1800-1879, at administrative science’s dawn. These include, in particular, Romagnosi and Manna, during the first half of the nineteenth century, and de Gioannis Gianquinto and Meucci, during the last three decades of the period in question. The book shows how such (eclectic and isolated) scholars, whilst making a significant contribution to studies in this area, were nevertheless unable to see to it that administrative law acquired the identity of an academic subject in its own right. The volume’s central (and most important) chapters are dedicated to the period that witnessed the founding of the so-called Italian school of public law through the offices of Vittorio Emanuele Orlando and the generation of scholars who followed in his footsteps: Oreste Ranelletti, Federico Cammeo, Santi Romano and Donato Donati. It was they who gave administrative law the well-defined identity of an academic discipline. Orlando’s school was, amongst other things, decisive for the construction of a unified State. Not by chance, two of its exponents (Salandra and Orlando himself) were Presidents of the Council of Ministers during the final phase of the Giolittian era. It was Orlando who introduced the so-called legal method, cutting ties with the other social sciences and drawing inspiration from the Roman-law and private-law tradition. As emerges from the volume, this permitted the science to grow rapidly towards the end of the nineteenth century but it was nevertheless unable to handle the explosion of intermediate bodies and the crisis of the State occurring at the beginning of the twentieth century. Bucking the trend set by the other members of the Italian school of public law, Santi Romano picked up the signals of the State in crisis and transformed them into the stuff of legal theory in his work L’ordinamento giuridico (The Legal Order). Here he set out his well-known theories on institutionalism and the plurality of legal orders. The science of administrative law continued to shut itself off as a discipline, however, and increasingly so during the twenty years of fascism. As the volume’s final part demonstrates, it was only on the eve of the Second World War that signs of a transformation began to appear. This was thanks to innovative contributions showing a renewed, resolute openness to the social sciences. Such contributions were developed by a younger generation of scholars who were to bring about a renaissance in public-law studies during the second half of the twentieth century, in an era of pluralism and constitutional democracy.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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