Industry 4.0 and the emerging challenges to leadership

Nanotechnology, bioscience, renewable energies, Artificial Intelligence (AI), cyber-physical systems and others have all brought many disruptive innovations over the last few years creating the so-called “Industry 4.0”. Smart manufacturing, product development, logistics and even customers have all been involved in such new “industrial revolution” era. No doubt, the human dimension of “digital” is challenging as much as the technological one. In particular, there are five “people dimensions” more affected than others in this context. First of all: leadership.