This paper investigates the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) related knowledgeflows for international market shares. Using bibliometric data on scientific publications, we analysethe relationship between the strength of 14 OECD countries in four ICT-related scientific fields and theability of those countries to maintain and acquire export market shares in the OECD market, across 16manufacturing industries over the period 1981–2003. We find that domestic and foreign ICT-related scientificknowledge flows have a positive and significant impact on export market shares in ICT industries,while only domestic flows positively affect export shares in non-ICT industries. We also find that smallopen economies benefit more than other countries from foreign knowledge flows both in ICT and innon-ICT industries.[...]